Mulching Basics - California Native Plant Society (2024)

When used correctly, mulch serves many important functions in the landscape. With so many options available, it can be difficult to figure out what kind to use, how much, where to use it. Below are suggestions for mulching in a California native plant garden.

What is mulch?

Mulch is any material spread over an outdoor surface to cover soil. Mulch is used to help retain soil moisture, suppress weeds, and improve the look of your garden. There are two types of mulch, organic and inorganic. Organic mulches are those that will break down over time because they are based on natural materials such as tree bark, leaves, and pine needles. Inorganic mulches are petrochemical based products such as plastic sheeting or rubber chips. Consider using organic mulches in almost all situations!

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Mulching Basics - California Native Plant Society (1)

Why use mulch?

Mulch reduces soil water losses, suppresses weeds, and protects against temperature extremes, especially in places where it snows. Mulch also feeds soil biology as it decomposes, helping to create healthy, living soil. Healthy soil means healthy plants!

What type of mulch?

Different California native plants prefer different types of mulch. For example, some plants may require decomposed granite or gravel and rocks as mulch, while others will die if mulched with rock. Know what mulch plants prefer by visiting Calscape.org. Finally, avoid large, bark type mulch or big wood chips. Since these big pieces take a long time to decompose, and they end up depriving the soil and plants of nutrients.

How much mulch?

Mulch well with a 2-3” layer. Be sure not to pile mulch against the trunks or stems of plants as it will rot them. Apply mulch in late spring and early fall.

As the plants mature, they will start providing their own mulch in the form of fallen leaves, flower parts, and other plant litter. It is best to leave the leaves and other plant litter in place! This is beneficial to the plant as it promotes the natural cycling of nutrients, and also provides habitat for beneficial insects, birds, and other species.

Leave a few areas MULCH FREE!

Many native bees are ground burrowers.

When planning your garden, identify patches of bare ground to remain mulch free to allow space for ground dwelling bees and other beneficial insects that need open soil.

Remember!

  • If you sheet mulched during turf removal, mulch is already in place at planting time.
  • Skip the petrochemicals, and don’t use plastics or weed cloths as sheeting under the mulch. They will kill the beneficial biology in the soil, and prevent the natural nutrient cycling that plants depend on for nutrients.
Mulching Basics - California Native Plant Society (2024)

FAQs

Mulching Basics - California Native Plant Society? ›

Mulch well with a 2-3” layer. Be sure not to pile mulch against the trunks or stems of plants as it will rot them. Apply mulch in late spring and early fall. As the plants mature, they will start providing their own mulch in the form of fallen leaves, flower parts, and other plant litter.

What are the guidelines for mulching? ›

Too much mulch can be harmful. The recommended mulching depth is 2–4 inches (5–10 cm). Unfortunately, many landscapes are falling victim to a plague of over mulching. “Mulch volcanoes” are excessive piles of mulch materials applied around the base of trees.

What is the best mulch for native plants? ›

Best Mulch For Native Plants

Wood chip mulch, especially recycled bark, eucalyptus mulch and pine bark mulch, is the best mulch for natives, promoting microorganism activity and enhancing nutrients in the soil.

What is the best practice for mulching? ›

As a rule, keep mulch, regardless of type, at least 3-6 inches away from the trunk of young trees and shrubs, and at least 8-12 inches away from the trunks of more mature trees. Don't mulch at all in wet or poorly drained sites. Most importantly, don't apply mulch more than 2-4 inches deep, total.

What is the 1 3 rule for mulching? ›

The mowing 1/3 rule, also referred to as the golden rule of mowing, instructs you to never cut more than 1/3 of the grass blade at a time. This rule is necessary because if you remove more than 1/3 of your grass blades while mowing, it could potentially kill your grass and allow weeds to grow too easily.

What is the proper mulching technique? ›

Proper Mulching Method

Cover as much area as possible with mulch, extending it to the outermost edge of the tree's canopy, known as the "drip line." Keep in mind that as the tree grows, the drip line expands. A layer of 2 to 4 inches of organic mulch is ideal but adjust accordingly if the soil has poor drainage.

What plants don't like mulch? ›

There are some species that tolerate excessive mulch better than others. Some of the worst effected plants are grassy plants (iris, daylilies, liriope, etc.), Indian Hawthorn, Azaleas and Loropetalum.

Do native plants need mulch? ›

The reason why mulch is so important is that it is an organic way to help protect your native plants and soil while also making sure they can grow and thrive in a healthy environment. It reduces water loss and prevents weeds from becoming a hassle in your garden.

What is the healthiest mulch to use? ›

But, generally, using organic mulch made from wood chips or bark will be the best choice. It's one of the easiest and least expensive ways to ensure the long-term health and fertility of your soil and the health of your trees and shrubs.

What is a major downside to mulching? ›

Mulch with large amounts of fines behaves like soil, so layering a soil like substance on the top of soil is soil layering, and by definition, bad. Layering soils often causes drainage problems, increases in soil type diseases, and erosion problems.

How do you mulch like a professional? ›

Using a rake or gloved hands, smooth out the small mounds of mulch to the desired depth of two to four inches. Leave at least one inch between mulch and any tree trunks or plants so root systems have necessary space to circulate air and water, being careful not to suffocate existing plant growth.

Is there a best time to mulch? ›

Normally, mid- to late spring is the best time to put down mulch. Seedlings can work their way through a thin layer of mulch, but too deep a layer could be impenetrable. Let your plants get off to a good start first. You can always add more mulch after the plants are established.

How to mulch for beginners? ›

Mulch well with a 2-3” layer. Be sure not to pile mulch against the trunks or stems of plants as it will rot them. Apply mulch in late spring and early fall. As the plants mature, they will start providing their own mulch in the form of fallen leaves, flower parts, and other plant litter.

Can I just put new mulch over old mulch? ›

However, this isn't necessary because mulch will decompose over time and you can just add a new layer on top of the old one! However, you don't want your mulch layer to exceed 3 inches in thickness. So, you can remove some of the old layer if necessary to keep the mulch at the right amount.

Should I water mulch after putting it down? ›

You should spread your mulch to be two to four inches thick. If your mulch is too thin, then weeds can push through. If your mulch is too thick, it prevents water from reaching the soil. Water after mulching — This is an optional step, but a final watering can help settle the mulch into place.

Do I need to remove old mulch before applying new mulch? ›

If you're getting ready to install mulch in your landscape beds, you are likely wondering if you need to first remove the old mulch. Well, the simple answer is no! It's not necessary to remove the old mulch from your landscape beds because it's made up of organic material, and it will decompose over time.

When should you not mulch? ›

While mulching in early fall is safe, you should never mulch during late fall. "This can insulate the ground and prevent plant dormancy," says Morrell. The much-needed hibernation helps plants survive the cold winter months.

Do you need to put anything down before mulch? ›

If you are unable to clear the area of weeds it is best to put down landscape fabric before mulching. Preen, or a similar pre emergent weed prevent, can also be used before, or after mulching. Be mindful of what you put under your garden beds, as it will be very difficult to remove once it's covered in earth.

What is the proper way to mulch around plants? ›

Mulch well with a 2-3” layer. Be sure not to pile mulch against the trunks or stems of plants as it will rot them. Apply mulch in late spring and early fall. As the plants mature, they will start providing their own mulch in the form of fallen leaves, flower parts, and other plant litter.

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